Macular degeneration is a leading cause of vision loss, affecting millions of people, particularly those over the age of 50. If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), you may have concerns about how the condition might progress over time. One of the biggest worries is whether dry AMD will eventually turn into wet AMD—the more severe and aggressive form of the disease.

What Is Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision. Dry AMD (atrophic AMD) is the most common type, accounting for about 85-90% of cases. It occurs when the macula slowly thins over time, leading to gradual vision loss. Small yellow deposits called drusen build up under the retina, disrupting its function.

Wet AMD (neovascular AMD) is less common but far more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid or blood, leading to rapid vision loss. While dry AMD can remain stable for many years, some cases progress to wet AMD, which is why regular eye exams are so important.

When Does Dry AMD Progress to Wet AMD?

The transition from dry to wet AMD doesn’t follow a set timeline. Some individuals with dry AMD never develop wet AMD, while others may experience a shift within months or years. Several factors influence the risk and speed of progression, including:

• Size and number of drusen – The more drusen present, particularly large ones, the higher the risk of progression.

• Macular pigment changes – Areas of the macula showing advanced thinning (geographic atrophy) can signal a higher likelihood of wet AMD.

• Genetics and lifestyle – A family history of AMD, along with smoking, poor diet, and high blood pressure, can contribute to faster progression.

The Importance of Early Detection

Because wet AMD can lead to sudden and significant vision loss, catching the signs early is critical. Being aware of the warning symptoms can make a difference in preserving your eyesight. One common sign is that straight lines may appear wavy or distorted, making everyday tasks like reading or recognizing faces more challenging. Another key symptom is the appearance of a dark or blurry spot in the center of your vision. This can make it difficult to focus on fine details and may worsen over time if left untreated. Additionally, some people notice that colors appear dull or washed out, which can affect depth perception and overall visual clarity.

Regular comprehensive eye exams are essential, especially if you have dry AMD, as they allow for close monitoring of any changes in your retinal health. If your optometrist detects signs of wet AMD, early intervention with anti-VEGF injections can significantly slow or even halt its progression, helping to preserve as much vision as possible.

Protect Your Vision at Clarity Eyecare

Macular degeneration doesn’t have to mean a loss of independence or quality of life. While there’s no cure, proactive eye care, lifestyle adjustments, and regular monitoring can help you maintain your vision for as long as possible.

If you have concerns about AMD or have noticed changes in your vision, schedule an eye exam with Clarity Eyecare. Visit any of our offices in Birmingham, Waterford, Sylvan Lake, South Lyon, Walled Lake, and Commerce Twp., Michigan. Call (248) 369-3300, (248) 698-2000, (248) 682-6448, (248) 437-3351, (248) 624-1707, or (248) 366-8600 to book an appointment today.